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Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Haitian revolutionary and first ruler (1758–1806)
"Jacques I" redirects here. For other uses, see Jacques I (disambiguation).
Jean-Jacques Dessalines (Haitian Creole: Jan-Jak Desalin; French pronunciation:[ʒɑ̃ʒakdɛsalin]; 20 September 1758 – 17 October 1806) was the first Haitian Emperor, leader of the Haitian Revolution, and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1805 constitution.
Initially regarded as governor-general, Dessalines was later named Emperor of Haiti as Jacques I (1804–1806) by generals of the Haitian Revolutionary army and ruled in that capacity until being assassinated in 1806.[1] He spearheaded the resistance against French rule of Saint-Domingue, and eventually became the architect of the 1804 massacre of the remaining French residents of newly independent Haiti, including some supporters of the revolution.[2] Alongside Toussaint Louverture, he has been referred to as one of the fathers of t
